Over exertion, parasites (such as protozoans like coccidia and giardia or worms), eating bad food, eating too quickly, exercising too soon after eating, excitement - lots of things can make pups vomit! Also swallowing a toy or other non food item can do it. Drinking chlorinated pool water will do it too.
Food intolerance could be suspected if the dog repeatedly vomits right after eating. Then a change to another higher quality food might be a good choice (California Natural, Canidae, Blue Buffalo, Wellness Fish and Potato among others are all considered higher quality foods).
Dogs are designed to gulp food and to vomit easily in case what they gulped doesn't settle well so vomiting isn't that unusual.
If she only does it once and doesn't seem sick I'd not worry. If she does it all the time or is acting sick or also has diarrhea I'd suggest consulting your vet.
Hope this helps you!
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